Author name: Dr Bradley

  Spina bifida is a congenital condition that affects the development of the spine and spinal cord during early pregnancy. It can have a significant impact on a child’s life, requiring careful management and often surgical intervention. With the right interventions and a supportive environment, children with spina bifida can overcome challenges and lead fulfilling lives. Visit POBAR today to learn about your child’s orthopedic treatment options.   As parents of children with spina bifida, you embark on a unique journey filled with challenges, triumphs, and the boundless potential of your remarkable child. We understand that this path may be uncharted territory, but rest assured, you are not alone.   Having a child with spina bifida may introduce you to a world of medical appointments, therapies, and adaptive equipment. It may require you to become an expert in navigating the healthcare system, making important decisions, and seeking out the best possible care for your child.   In this blog post, we will explore various aspects of spina bifida, including its diagnosis, treatment options, and how parents can prepare their child for surgery. By gaining a better understanding of this condition, parents can provide the best possible care and support for their child’s well-being.   What is Spina Bifida?  Spina bifida is a congenital condition that affects development of spine & spinal cord in children. It occurs when the neural tube, which forms early in pregnancy and eventually develops into the baby’s brain and spinal cord, fails to close properly.    This incomplete closure results in a gap or opening in the spinal column, leaving the spinal cord and nerves exposed. The effects and symptoms of spina bifida can vary depending on the type and location of the spinal defect. There are different types and severities of spina bifida. The three main types are:   Myelomeningocele: This is the most severe form of spina bifida. It involves a sac-like protrusion on the baby’s back, which contains the spinal cord and meninges (protective coverings of the spinal cord). This visible opening is typically located in the lower back. Myelomeningocele can cause significant nerve damage and result in paralysis, sensory impairments, and other complications. Meningocele: This type of spina bifida is less severe than myelomeningocele. It also involves a sac-like protrusion on the back, but the sac only contains the meninges and not the spinal cord itself. Meningoceles are usually smaller and may cause fewer neurological complications. Spina bifida occulta: This is the mildest and most common form of spina bifida. In spina bifida occulta, the spinal cord and meninges remain inside the spine and do not protrude. The opening in the spine is usually small and covered by a layer of skin. This type of spina bifida often goes undiagnosed as it may not cause visible signs or symptoms.   What Causes Spina Bifida?   The exact cause of spina bifida is not yet fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Research suggests that insufficient levels of folic acid during early pregnancy can increase the risk of spina bifida.    Other factors, such as certain medications, maternal obesity, and pre-existing maternal diabetes, may also contribute to the development of the condition.   How Do You Know If Your Child Has Spina Bifida?   The diagnosis of spina bifida can occur at different stages, both before and after the birth of a child. Here are some key points regarding the timing of diagnosing spina bifida:   Prenatal diagnosis: Spina bifida can often be detected during routine prenatal screening tests. Around the 16th to 18th week of pregnancy, an ultrasound examination may reveal signs of spina bifida, such as an open spinal defect or abnormalities in the shape of the skull or brain. In some cases, further diagnostic tests, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling, may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis. Birth examination: In cases where spina bifida is not diagnosed prenatally, it may be evident shortly after the child’s birth. Visible signs can include an opening or sac-like protrusion on the baby’s back, particularly in the lower back area. This type of spina bifida is known as myelomeningocele and is the most severe form. Developmental milestones: In milder cases of spina bifida, such as spina bifida occulta, the condition may not be apparent at birth. Diagnosis may occur later in life, often when a child experiences symptoms related to the spinal defect or as part of a medical evaluation for other reasons.   If you suspect that your child may have spina bifida or if you have concerns about their development, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis allows for timely intervention, appropriate medical care, and the implementation of strategies to support your child’s overall well-being.   Remember, every child is unique, and the diagnosis and management of spina bifida should be tailored to their specific needs. Healthcare professionals at POBAR with expertise in spina bifida can provide accurate diagnosis, guide you through the process, and offer appropriate support for both you and your child.   What Happens To A Child With Spina Bifida? Symptoms and Effects.   The effects of spina bifida can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common complications associated with spina bifida include:   Paralysis or weakness in the lower limbs Loss of sensation or altered sensation in the legs and feet Problems with bladder and bowel control Hydrocephalus (a buildup of fluid in the brain), which may require the placement of a shunt to drain the excess fluid Orthopedic issues, such as scoliosis (curvature of the spine) or clubfoot Learning disabilities or cognitive challenges Latex allergy, which is more prevalent in individuals with spina bifida   The severity and impact of spina bifida can vary from child to child. Early intervention, comprehensive medical care, and ongoing support can significantly improve a child’s quality of life and help them manage the challenges associated with the condition. With appropriate treatments,

  A knee sprain happens when the ligaments, which are tough bands of tissue that hold the knee joint together, become stretched or torn. This can occur due to sudden twisting movements or excessive force applied to your child’s knee joint. By being aware of the common symptoms such as pain, swelling, limited range of motion, instability, and bruising, you can take the necessary steps to address your child’s knee sprain effectively. POBAR offers effective orthopedic treatments for your child’s sprained knee. Call today!   When children are active and engaged in sports or physical activities, the risk of injury is always present. One common injury that can occur is a knee sprain. If your child experiences a knee sprain, it’s important to be aware of the symptoms associated with this condition and know when to seek medical attention.    In this blogpost about knee sprain symptoms in children, we will provide you with valuable information to help you recognize the signs of a knee sprain and make informed decisions about your child’s health.   What Is A Sprained Knee?    A sprained knee refers to an injury that occurs to the ligaments in the knee joint. Ligaments are strong bands of tissue that connect bones to each other and provide stability to the joint. When a knee is sprained, one or more of these ligaments become stretched, partially torn, or completely torn due to excessive force or twisting of the knee.   The knee joint is made up of four main ligaments: the medial collateral ligament (MCL) on the inner side of the knee, the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) on the outer side, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the center of the knee, and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) at the back of the knee. Any of these ligaments can be affected by a knee sprain.   The severity of a sprained knee can range from mild to severe, depending on the extent of ligament damage.   How Do Knee Sprains Occur?    Knee sprains can occur in children as a result of various activities or traumatic events that put excessive stress on the knee joint. Here are some common ways knee sprains can happen in children:   Sports Injuries: Active children who participate in sports are at a higher risk of experiencing knee sprains. Sports that involve sudden stops, changes in direction, jumping, or contact, such as soccer, basketball, football, and gymnastics, can increase the likelihood of a knee sprain. Direct blows to the knee or awkward landings can cause the ligaments to stretch or tear. Falls and Accidents: Falling onto the knee or experiencing a direct impact on the knee joint during accidents or recreational activities can lead to knee sprains. This can happen while playing, running, cycling, skateboarding, or during other physical activities. Twisting or Hyperextension: Sudden twisting or hyperextension of the knee joint can also result in a sprain. This can occur when a child plants their foot firmly and rotates their body, causing the knee ligaments to twist beyond their normal range of motion. Hyperextension, which is when the knee is bent backward, can also strain or tear the ligaments. Improper Landing or Technique: Poor landing technique during jumping or improper form while performing certain movements can increase the risk of knee sprains in children. For example, landing with a locked knee or valgus (inward) collapse of the knee during jumping or cutting motions can put excessive stress on the ligaments. Overuse or Repetitive Stress: Engaging in repetitive activities that place continuous stress on the knee joint, such as running, dancing, or certain types of training, can lead to overuse injuries, including knee sprains. The repetitive strain can cause the ligaments to become fatigued and more  susceptible to injury.   It’s important to note that each child’s risk of experiencing a knee sprain may vary depending on their individual factors, such as their age, level of physical activity, body mechanics, and underlying musculoskeletal conditions.    Proper warm-up exercises, using appropriate protective equipment, maintaining proper form and technique during activities, and implementing rest and recovery periods can help reduce the risk of knee sprains in children.   If your child participates in sports or other physical activities, it’s important to encourage proper training, supervision, and safety measures to minimize the occurrence of knee sprains.    Additionally, teaching children about the importance of listening to their bodies, warming up before physical activity, and using proper techniques can also help prevent knee injuries.   What Are The Symptoms of a Knee Sprain in Your Child?  When a knee sprain occurs, children may experience several common symptoms that indicate an injury to the ligaments in the knee joint. The severity of sprained knee symptoms can vary depending on the grade of the sprain.    Grade I being a mild stretch of the ligament,  Grade II involving partial tearing, and Grade III indicating a complete tear.    The symptoms you should look out for can include:  Pain and Discomfort Your child may complain of pain in the knee area. The pain can range from mild to severe, depending on the severity of the sprain. Swelling and Inflammation Swelling around the knee joint is a typical symptom of a sprain. The affected area may appear swollen, feel warm to the touch, and become visibly larger than the unaffected knee. Difficulty with Movement Children with a knee sprain may have difficulty moving their knee joint freely. They may experience stiffness, a limited range of motion, or discomfort when attempting to bend or straighten the knee. Instability and Weakness Your child may feel that their knee is unstable or weak, making it difficult to bear weight or participate in activities that require stability, such as running or jumping. Bruising Bruising around the knee is another common symptom of a sprain. This discoloration is caused by bleeding under the skin due to the injury.   What Type Of Knee Sprain Does My Child Have?   Identifying the specific type of knee

  Prompt medical attention, proper reduction, immobilization, physical therapy, and close monitoring are essential components of the treatment plan for your child’s elbow dislocation. By following the recommended treatment and rehabilitation protocols, you can expect your child to regain full function of their elbow joint and return to their normal activities. At POBAR, we offer treatment for your child to reach full recovery. Call Today!   Dealing with your child’s elbow dislocation can be a stressful experience for both you and your child. To alleviate anxiety and promote a smoother recovery journey, it helps to understand what to expect from the treatment process.    In this blogpost, we will explore the common questions surrounding elbow dislocation treatment in children, including the initial steps, recovery timeline, potential complications, and basic treatment approaches.   What Is An Elbow Dislocation? The elbow joint is particularly susceptible to dislocation because it is a hinge joint with a wide range of motion. There are several different types of elbow dislocations that can affect children. Here are three common types:   Simple Elbow Dislocation This type of dislocation occurs when the bones of the forearm (radius and ulna) are displaced from the humerus (upper arm bone) but do not cause any additional fractures or complications. It is the most common type of elbow dislocation in children.   Complex Elbow Dislocation A complex elbow dislocation involves not only the displacement of the forearm bones from the humerus but also additional injuries such as fractures, ligament tears, or nerve damage. Complex dislocations are more severe and require careful evaluation and treatment.   Nursemaid’s Elbow (Radial Head Subluxation) Nursemaid’s elbow is a partial dislocation that often occurs in children under the age of 5. It happens when the radius bone slips out of its normal position at the elbow joint, usually when the child’s arm is pulled or jerked.   It is important to note that any elbow dislocation in children should be evaluated and treated by a medical professional. Contact experienced orthopedic pediatricians at POBAR today!   How Do You Know If Your Child’s Elbow Is Dislocated? The first sign that your child’s elbow is dislocated will be severe pain. Your child may also experiences the following:  swelling of the area surrounding the elbow deformity of the arm, or  an inability to move their elbow after a fall or trauma.   It is imperative that you seek immediate medical attention for your child. This is crucial for your child to get an accurate diagnosis and for appropriate treatment to be given.   What Causes Elbow Dislocations in Children? Elbow dislocations in children are typically caused by traumatic incidents that put excessive force on the joint. Here are some common causes of elbow dislocations in children:   Falls: Falling onto an outstretched hand or directly onto the elbow can result in a dislocation. This can happen during activities such as running, playing sports, or riding a bicycle. Sports Injuries: Participation in contact sports or activities that involve sudden twisting or impact on the arm, such as football, basketball, gymnastics, or skateboarding, can lead to elbow dislocations in children. Pulling or Jerking of the Arm: A sudden pulling or jerking motion of the arm, often seen in young children, can cause an elbow dislocation. This can occur when a caregiver or parent forcefully pulls a child’s arm or hand. Motor Vehicle Accidents: Severe trauma, such as a motor vehicle collision, can result in significant force being applied to the elbow joint, leading to a dislocation.   Children’s bones are still developing and are therefore more susceptible to injuries like elbow dislocations. Additionally, children’s ligaments and joint structures are more flexible, which can contribute to a higher risk of dislocation.   Prompt medical attention should be sought if an elbow dislocation is suspected, as proper evaluation and treatment are crucial for optimal recovery and to minimize the risk of complications.   How Do You Treat a Dislocated Elbow in a Child? Treating a dislocated elbow in a child typically involves a pediatric orthopedic specialist. At POBAR, the orthopedic specialist will carefully evaluate the injury through a physical examination and diagnostic tests like X-rays or MRI scans.    The next step the specialist will take in treating your child’s elbow dislocation is to perform a reduction. It is usually performed under sedation or anesthesia to ensure the child’s comfort and cooperation. The healthcare provider will proceed with one of the following treatment approaches:   Closed Reduction This procedure involves manually manipulating the bones back into their correct position. It is usually performed under sedation or anesthesia to ensure the child’s comfort and cooperation. The medical professional will apply gentle pressure to realign the joint properly.   Open Reduction In some cases, if the dislocation is severe or closed reduction is unsuccessful, surgery may be required. During an open reduction, the surgeon makes an incision to access the joint and reposition the bones accurately. This approach is less common but may be necessary in complex cases.   With appropriate treatment and rehabilitation, a dislocated elbow in children has a good prognosis for full recovery. The healing process may take time, and close monitoring by the healthcare provider is essential.    Following the recommended treatment plan and adhering to physical therapy exercises will help restore strength and range of motion to the elbow joint. While some cases may experience residual symptoms or stiffness, most children can regain normal function and return to their regular activities.   What To Expect After The Treatment Of Elbow Dislocation? After the reduction procedure, the child’s arm may be immobilized using a splint or a cast to provide support and protect the joint during the initial healing phase. Pain management techniques, such as over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications, may be recommended.    What Is The Most Common Complication After Elbow Dislocation? The most common complication after an elbow dislocation is stiffness or limited range of motion. But regular physical therapy sessions, which may include stretching exercises, strengthening

  Although ankle sprains can be painful and have a long recovery time, there are many ways to help your child recover quickly. Some of the methods you can use are manual therapy, and exercise. Getting proper medical attention quickly from the highly skilled Pediatric Orthopedics at POBAR in Brandon and Tampa, will help your child recover quickly and completely. Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in young children and especially athletic children. The good news is that, with the right orthopedic treatment, most children can recover quickly and return to their previous level of activity. The first step in helping your child recover from an ankle sprain is to seek medical attention. Your child’s doctor will be able to assess the severity of the injury and recommend the best course of treatment. How Do Ankle Sprains Occur? Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments that connect the bones in the ankle joint stretch too far or tear. This can happen if your child twists their ankle or falls onto it. What Are The Symptoms Of Ankle Sprains?  Common symptoms of a sprained ankle include:  swelling  bruising pain difficulty standing or walking  a popping or tearing sensation when the injury occurs. If your child is exhibiting any of these symptoms, seek medical attention and treat the injury as soon as possible. The longer the injury is left untreated, the longer the recovery process may take. How To Treat An Ankle Sprain At Home? Once your child has been seen by a doctor, there are a few things you can do at home to help the healing process along. These include: – Applying ice to the affected area for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day – Keeping the affected area elevated – Giving your child over-the-counter pain medication to help relieve any discomfort With the proper treatment, most children will recover from an ankle sprain within a few weeks. However, it is important to avoid re-injury during the healing process. Be sure to talk to your child’s doctor about when it is safe to return to physical activity. An ankle sprain can be treated with the RICE method (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) to help speed up the healing process. Rest: Have your child stay off the ankle as much as possible to reduce swelling and pain. This can be done by using crutches, but should be monitored closely as the child can easily exaggerate the injury. Ice: Place a cold compress or ice pack on the ankle for 15-20 minutes several times a day, ensuring there is a barrier between the ice pack and your child’s skin. Compression: Wrap the ankle with an elastic bandage or an ACE wrap to reduce swelling. Elevation: Have your child elevate their ankle above the heart level several times a day to reduce swelling. These simple steps can help reduce pain and inflammation, enabling your child to get back on their feet faster. When To See a Doctor For Your Child’s Ankle Sprain? It is important to seek medical help if you have any doubts regarding the severity of your child’s ankle sprain. Seeing a doctor is especially important if they experience: – Severe pain that doesn’t subside after the RICE method is applied – Significant swelling – Inability to stand or bear even minimal weight – Significant bruising or discoloration – Deformity or offset of the ankle joint – Pain that radiates down the leg Seeing an orthopedic doctor who specializes in ankle sprains can help diagnose the sprain accurately and create a comprehensive treatment plan. There may also be a need for further imaging tests such as an X-ray or an MRI to detect possible fractures or other injuries. It is better to err on the side of caution if you suspect your child has a severe ankle sprain. An orthopedic doctor is best positioned to decide the best course of treatment and the timeline for healing. Tips For Preventing Ankle Sprains in the Future Once your child has been seen by a doctor, there are a few things you can do at home to help the healing process along. These include: – Applying ice to the affected area for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day – Keeping the affected area elevated – Giving your child over-the-counter pain medication to help relieve any discomfort With the proper treatment, most children will recover from an ankle sprain within a few weeks. However, it is important to avoid re-injury during the healing process. Be sure to talk to your child’s doctor about when it is safe to return to physical activity. Ankle sprains can be very painful and can take a long time to heal. Precaution is always better than cure, and it is better to take steps to prevent ankle sprains from occurring in the first place. Here are a few tips that parents can follow to reduce the risk of ankle sprain for their children: Make sure your kids wear the right type and size of shoes for their activities. Make sure their shoes give their feet the appropriate support and cushioning. Make sure your child warms up before any physical activity. This increases flexibility and reduces the risk of muscle and joint strain, including ankle sprains. Encourage your child to practice good balance and coordination while doing physical activities. Encourage the use of ankle braces during all physical activities. Ankle braces provide extra support and stability to the ankle joint. Make sure your child takes extra caution while playing on uneven terrain or slippery surfaces. Preventing ankle sprains is important, as prevention is better than cure. As parents, you can take steps to reduce the risk of ankle sprains for your children by: Ensuring proper foot support Adequate warm-up before physical activities  Good balance and coordination  Use of ankle braces during physical activities Caution while playing on uneven terrain and slippery surfaces. By following these steps, you can reduce the chances of

  Seeking a second medical opinion can be very important for your child’s health. Not only can it confirm or challenge the initial diagnosis, but it can also provide alternative treatment options and improve communication between healthcare providers. At POBAR, we provide second opinions to ensure that your child gets the right treatment plan and that you have peace of mind that your child is given the best care.   As parents, we always want the best for our children, especially when it comes to their health. When a child is diagnosed with a medical condition or requires surgery, it can be overwhelming and scary. In these situations, seeking a second medical opinion can provide clarity and peace of mind. But did you know that there are also surprising benefits to seeking a second medical opinion for your child? In this article, we’ll explore the advantages of seeking a second medical opinion for your child and why it’s worth considering, even if you trust your child’s current healthcare provider. So, let’s dive in and discover how a second opinion can benefit your child’s health and well-being. Why Seeking A Second Medical Opinion Is Important? Seeking a second medical opinion for your child is important because it can provide you with a better understanding of your child’s medical condition. It can confirm or challenge the initial diagnosis and provide alternative treatment options. It can also improve communication between pediatricians and give you more confidence in your child’s medical care. How Can A Second Opinion Protect Your Child? It’s natural to want to do everything in your power to protect your child and ensure their happiness and health. When your child is unwell, you may find yourself feeling helpless and uncertain of what to do next. One of the most important things you can do in these circumstances is to seek a second opinion. A second opinion can provide you with a different perspective. It is also an important way to advocate for your child’s health. What Are The Benefits of A Second Opinion? The main benefits of seeking a second medical opinion: –     It can confirm or challenge the initial diagnosis. Pediatricians  may have different perspectives and experiences, which can lead to different interpretations of a child’s medical condition. In some cases, it may be necessary to seek a second opinion to ensure that the diagnosis is accurate and that the appropriate treatment is being provided. –     It can provide alternative treatment options. Different pediatricians  may have different approaches to treating a medical condition. Seeking a second opinion can provide you with a range of treatment options that you may not have considered before. –     It can improve communication between healthcare providers. When you seek a second opinion, your child’s healthcare providers are required to share information and work together to develop a treatment plan. This can improve the quality of care that your child receives and ensure that all healthcare providers are on the same page when it comes to your child’s medical care. –     It can provide you with a better understanding of your child’s medical condition. Medical conditions can be complex and difficult to understand. Seeking a second opinion can help you to better understand your child’s medical condition and feel more confident in the treatment plan that is being provided.  Finally, seeking a second medical opinion can provide you with access to a wider range of pediatricians and treatment options. Different medical professionals may have different areas of expertise and approaches to treating medical conditions. When to Seek a Second Medical Opinion? There are several situations in which it may be appropriate to seek a second medical opinion for your child. –     If your child has been diagnosed with a serious medical condition or requires surgery, it may be wise to seek a second opinion. –     If you feel that your child’s healthcare provider is not listening to your concerns or providing you with adequate information about your child’s medical condition, it may be time to seek a second opinion. It’s important to remember that seeking a second medical opinion does not mean that you are questioning your child’s healthcare provider or their medical knowledge. It simply means that you want to ensure that your child receives the best possible care. How To Ask For A Second Medical Opinion? Asking for a second medical opinion can be intimidating, but it’s important to remember that it’s your right as a parent to seek a second opinion for your child. You can start by talking to your child’s healthcare provider and expressing your concerns. Your child’s healthcare provider may be able to provide you with a referral to another pediatrician . If you are uncomfortable talking to your child’s healthcare provider, or if you feel that your concerns are not being taken seriously, you can seek a second opinion on your own. You can contact POBAR in Tampa for a second opinion on your child’s orthopaedic condition. When you contact a pediatrician for a second opinion, be sure to provide them with all of the information about your child’s medical condition and treatment plan. How To Prepare For a Second Medical Opinion? Before you seek a second medical opinion, it’s important to prepare yourself and your child. –     Have all of the information about your child’s medical condition and treatment plan ready. These include any test results or medical records. This will help the medical professional to provide you with a more accurate assessment of your child’s medical condition. –     Be prepared to ask questions and take notes during the second opinion appointment. Make a list of questions that you have about your child’s medical condition and treatment plan, and bring a notebook to take notes during the appointment. –     Keep an open mind and be willing to consider alternative treatment options. The medical professional may have a different approach